Applied research methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Applied research methods - Essay Example The academic sources to be used for the business research process shall come from secondary sources of information such as scholarly articles and peer-reviewed journals. In order to understand the tools and techniques used by managers of successful organizations to keep their employees motivated to perform at the highest levels. Through these sources, we can obtain information on factors such as the importance of a leader’s perception in the mid of the employee, the role played by an organization’s culture and how it affects performance and the importance of having a vision that is clearly defined and well-understood by the leader himself so as to be able to communicate it to the employees and generate maximum commitment out of them. Secondary sources of information will therefore be very important to us for this research as it shall be the guiding light on which all our research methodology is based on will be the basis of developing the survey tools and criteria. Whilst using secondary sources of information might prove useful, we do realize it might present us with some challenges and affect the credibility of our report if proper care is not taken while researching. The information provided prove to be biased and might have been controlled to some extent by the marketer of the research. There is also the possibility that the information available through these sources might not fully adhere to our needs or might be incomplete. Our aim shall be to minimize the biases that may occur due to these problems and we aim to use a number of different articles and publications in order to verify the integrity of the information available and make this research as consistent as possible. We have also chosen to go with secondary academic sources because these sources tend to be very comprehensive in nature and will provide us with all the information we need to fulfill the objectives of the research. Secondly, the sources also happen to be peer reviewe d and evaluated, have been written by academics and certified by the best institutions, which is what adds to their credibility and ensures that the integrity of our own research will not be affected if our work includes such sources. Review of academic sources Leadership and Motivation and having these qualities in one’

Interior design Essay Example for Free

Interior design Essay 1940s prefab buildings Prefabricated houses were nonexistent before the Industrial Revolution, and were nearly impossible to construct (Pile 2005). During the course of time machinery and assembly lines were developed to an extent to allow that the idea of prefabricated houses becomes a reality. Sears Roebuck catalog was among the first to start featuring prefabricated houses in its issues, and each year they brought forth an enormous variety of styles and sizes of prefab houses for sale in 1908-1949 (Davies 2005). 1940s was the period when Americans were really concerned about affordable housing, and prefab, which was affordable and stylish at the same time (Pulos 1988). They could be ordered through catalogues and be ready for resettlement without leaving the homes. Innovation in this sense resulted in a boom among middle class households. Preassembled building components considerably reduced on-site labor and construction duration. Thus, in the late 1940s one solution to the problem was to build prefabricated houses consisting of a kit of parts which were built in a factory, and taken to the building site for rapid construction. Darlaston’s largest engineering firm, Rubery Owen Company Limited also accepted orders for cheap factory-built houses, and so the company’s Structural Department began to produce good quality houses for sale to local authorities and building companies (Parker 2009). Most of the ‘prefabs’ were small factory-built, single storey temporary bungalows with a life expectancy of just 10 years. Although around 156,000 of them were built by Rubery Owen Company limited, there was still an acute housing shortage. They were very comfortable and several options for different sizes of families existed. However, the solution was just temporary given the fact that the livelihood was very short. (Parker 2009) The houses were built around a rust-proof light steel frame with stanchions, trusses, and beams of a substantially rectangular form. To simplify and speed-up the building process, the design included simple forms of attachment for almost any suitable building material. The individual members of the steel structure were produced by bending, pressing or rolling, and the individual components were welded together at the factory. (Parker 2009) (Chandler, et al. 2010) In its turn the new movement promoted the development of steel production. Above all, this practical solution gave space to certain design experiments with again, practical touch. Simplicity and efficacy were the characteristics of designing prefab houses, and they were consequently first of all associated with comfort and space (Arieff and Burkhart 2002). A real success was manufactured house, or the mobile house which could be used for road transportation. Built in kitchen, air-conditioning, clearly and simply separated rooms were predecessors of compound design (Davies 2005). 1940 product design Genichi Taguchi was one of the pioneers of product design in the 1940s who introduced a new philosophy and a methodology on improving quality and design. His concept allowed that quality was â€Å"†¦achieved economically through inspection and product screening† (Cheremisinoff 1990). Taguchi built both conceptual framework and specific methodology for implementing his prospects. Thus, he put the stress on designing in quality, which was rather cheap than manufacturing poor and redesigning for numerous times. Loss function was a pivotal issue in his experiments and activities. Once again, we come over with cost effectiveness and certain elements of simplicity. When observing the experience of the United States we witness a rapidly growing field of design, and specifically in product design initially incepted by Shakers in the eighteen century; a religious community of English and French origin. They initially began developing craft-based objects to meet their own need (Burdek 2005) . Moreoveer, Sigfried Giedion recognized the most creative inventors of interior design – furniture, and describes the 40s as an exceptionally productive phase of inventive intelligence on the part of engineers. (Giedion 1967) Chairs, beds, and cabinets that were convertible, space saving and easy to transport laid the groundwork for American tradition of functional and democratic product culture that lasted until the early 20th century, when society increasingly differentiated into two-class system. (Burdek 2005) Impact of industrialization on product design was enormous. Industrial designers were identified as wizards of change, as they gave a product livelihood; they extended the life of a product with a unique design. (Pulos 1988) They sustained the product with innovation and attractiveness. In line with practical usage these last two features played a key role in advancing in product design and developing new paths for this promising discipline. 1940s was the period when the packaging was becoming as important as the product itself. Customers were buying products locked in nice and inviting packaging. Designers were moving up on the ladder of management, being considered as one of the most actors in promotion and product development. However, late 40s experienced a decline in glamorization of mere design, when quality and design started to balance. (Moskowitz, Beckley and Resurreccion 2006) Speaking about product design entails also a discussion on trademarks; this was also the era when logos, trademarks and brand development joint the bigger game. Product development and design appeared under dependence of trademark development processes. Pulos 1988) 1950s_1960_1970_1980 (youth culture) Youth culture of 1950-1980 is associated with rebellious, revolutionary, democratic and hippie, as well as drug, rock and sexual revolution (Resnik 1990). This is the period when youth rose their voice and expressed their views in the most rebellious ways. (Halliwell 2007) Brake states that the young people had their own distinctive patterns. For his youth culture developed inverse values to the adult world of productive work and conformity to routine and responsibility. The early 70s were highly distinguished in the rise of confronting entities, with liberated worldview and their own free style in fashion, lifestyle and manners. There was a real revolution headed by the youth which still inspires a great number of young people with its strong and burning culture. (Brake 1990) Youth culture was not only influential in the US, but also Great Britain, Canada and Europe. The middle class youth in the 50s was the generation which had more independence. This class became integrated into a general culture which was dominated with drugs, alcohol and sex, which were the primary indicators of independence of adult supervision. Hence, low class youth was illustrated as delinquent and impulsive. (Brake 1990) The earlier studies of youth in the mentioned period made no attempt to view youth in the context of political and social system. Thus, young people were observed as economic consumers of fun, fashion, music and drugs. However, popular music being a central feature in the youth culture, didn’t really reflect the whole wealth of creative and successful youth. Murdock and McCorn pointed out that for example, Presley was adored only by one fifth of interviewed people, the rest pointed out Pat Boone. The first was a rebel and anti authority, and the second encompassed an image of adult approved and self established artist. (Brake 1990) This comes to prove the somehow exaggerated statements on youth culture in the mid and late 1970s (Norton, et al. 2008). The same concerns also the available data on teenagers; they were described as looking glamour, attractive, having fun, all entering into a higher educational system. (Jamieson and Romer 2008)

The War in America :: essays research papers fc

The War in America Vietnam is a small Asian country, 9000 miles away from the United States. Yet America felt that its national interest were threatened strong enough to fight a war over there. Their fear was caused by the spread of communism at that time. The role of communism was extremely important in this conflict. The United States had to enter the war to stop the spread of communism in Asia since the North Vietnam were communist. If North Vietnam converted Vietnam into a communist country, it could become very powerful and go on to persuade other countries to become communist. The U.S. believed that Vietnam could become powerful, and it was willing to go through anything to stop that, including sending millions of US troops to Vietnam and watching them die live on TV, and this greatly effected the American culture and society. The Vietnam War changed the lives of many people. "By the end of 1965, 184,314 troops were in Vietnam" (Alterman 11). "Within a year, the number had grown to 385,000"(Alterman 11). Back in America, they were suffering as their sons died overseas. All this effected American society greatly. Moms were losing sons, sisters were losing brothers, and children were losing dads. The Vietnam War had a horrible outcome. â€Å"More than 47,000 Americans were killed in action, 11,000 died of other causes, and 303,000 were wounded†(Alterman 11). As more Americans continued to leave for Vietnam, the American people responded with disappointment and that caused the American society to lose faith in the government. At this time a series of protests took place across the nation. Students and professors began to organize teach-ins on the war at university all across America. This really showed how the war had effected America society, causing protests, and marches. When President Johnson sent in the first combat troops, and ordered the bombing of North Vietnam in 1965, the antiwar movement in the US grew even larger. "Many Americans felt cheated and betrayed by Johnson because they had considered him as a peace candidate in 1964"(Thomas and Vistica 24 ). â€Å"One of The first anti-war protest was the Washington, 20,000-person marchâ€Å"( McMahon 303). Opposition to the war also caused students to resist the draft. They refused to be selected for the military because they thought the war was wrong. Many 19-year-old boys were dying. College students received deferments, or postponement of military services, because of their occupation.

Facebook Essay Writing Service Essay

Introduction Facebook is a social is a social network service which was founded by Mark Zuckerberg in February 2004. This is the most commonly used website with over 600million active users according to the report given in January 2011. This is considered to have created a very strong network of communication with its capability to connect people across the world. The services have both negative and positive effects to the individuals, families and societies since it is accessed by all the people irrespective of the age and experience. The study below concerns the major effects and consequences of this network service to the society at large. Effects or consequences of Facebook on the society Humans are social beings thus there is need for them top keep connected or have a good network to socialize with each other. According to the results of the study on Compete.com done in January 2009, Facebook was ranked to be the most used social network and it has more benefits than just communicating but also provision of essential information in communication. It is the best and the most powerful tool for collaboration and interaction between people or friends. Considering from the sociological perspective Facebook sites are considered to improve social capital which is particularly essential in striking up a conversation or enabling people to access information from the internet. A study carried out in Michigan State University found that the services are beneficial especially for eth individuals with low self esteem and less self satisfaction. From the psychological perspective, the site enables the individuals to meet and share with the others with common interests hence share the experiences and get motivated or gain knowledge to handle life issues (Goldman, 2008 p. 7). Facebook makes up a cheaper way of keeping up with friends by reinforcing the existing ones or expansion of the network by enabling the creation of new  ones. Each individual member has a profile page on which he or she invites all the people to be their friends. They post ideas on their walls to be shared amongst the friends and those of their friends and also have a chance of accessing what their friends have to share thus more and diverse information and knowledge is shared. It also serves to strengthen the bonds especially between the individuals who do not have enough physical contact or have not enough time for direct interaction. This is possible by providing individual information as well as views and opinions thus the others may be able to learn more concerning the individuals. There is a lot to be done thus people do not have enough time to visit or interact with their friends, Facebook offers the opportunity for the individuals to interact and share views and opinions even as they carry on other duties. It is a good chance for the individuals to gather information concerning people of interest like professionals thus they may be able to approach them on official duties by knowing their personalities. People acquire more and diverse information from all corners of the world, for example the cultures of the other communities and how various individuals across the world handle life challenges. It is a good and effective medium of communication since so long as the facilities are available the account holders access the sites on daily basis either on computers or through the mobile phone hand sets (Matthew, 2008 p. 345-365). Other than the benefits these social services also have disadvantages on the society. Excess usage of these social sites is resulting to the increase in the societal crime rates especially those relating to immorality or sexual abuse. There is no age description of the individuals who are qualified to hold accounts on the Facebook thus the young children, the teenagers and the adults all share the information that is posted on the profiles. The young people access and put in practice ideas which are far much below their standards. Some of these may be pornographic materials which may abuse the young children. Excessively exposing of the information concerning people for example, their occupation is having effects on the societal crime rates for instance the robbery and carjacking because the criminals will be able to identify the individuals of their focus and monitor their movement  depending on the information that they provide (Martà ­nez, 2009 p. 73-82). Although these networks are considered as an effective links for the distance relationships by connecting the individuals, it also has negative effects on the relationships. This is resulting to wrong decisions because the individuals may be influenced to be engaged in bad relationships. Most of the people who use these websites do not express their original characters but mostly try to show the best. Some of these relationships may not last because the parties are forced to separate when they learn the true characters of the others. The individuals also blame each other for being unfaithful through by accessing the information that they share with the others. Most of the people especially the young people are not able to balance the time that they spend on these sites and on the other activities. Many of the employers are complaining of their employees not producing the best or as expected as they spend most of the time chatting or sharing ideas with their online friends. This is found to be one of the factors causing the financial instability in the society as many of the people do not concentrate on the economic activities. The learning institutions are also not left out especially the colleges and other higher learning institutions. The performance of these institutions are declining since the students spend most of their time on these social networking thus they have no time for their assignments and studies. These students are forced to either dump the assignment or examination tests if they are not well prepared or have not revised. After they are through with the training they are not able to maintain a good relationship with their employers since they do not concentrate in their workplaces or may not have acquired enough skills to perform their duties as expected (Sonvilla-Weiss, 2010 p. 102-112). The more time the individuals spend on the social networking sites, the huge the content of their privacy they expose to the public as they post their ideas, feelings and interests online. The society seems to be becoming more open without any privacy thus some people are becoming unappreciated in the societies when the personalities discovered of them are unexpected. This is  also affecting the social relationships between the casual friends, children and the adults or parents because some of the information exposed shows the individuals to be lacking good moral behavior especially if the information they share is more intimate thus their parents or friends are likely to mistake them. This site is seen as a face value of the society we live in although a times it communicate false information (Gutwirth, 2010 p. 127). The cultures of the societies are highly changing due to the influence of the Facebook. This is because people are forced to change and adapt the styles of living acquired from the information that they share with the rest of the people from across the world. Some of these cultures for instance the language change is not acceptable in most of the communities. For example, the language used by the children to address the adults in certain communities may not be accepted in others and are likely to cause disagreements. This is reflected by the gap between the older and the young generations in the societies since the older people consider the young ones to be misled by the current events in the society thus are reluctant to interact with them (Matthew, 2008 p. 276-281). The social networking is considered to be having effects to all the life factors including political, social and economic. By interacting with the others the local leaders have an opportunity to share and copy the leadership styles which may or may not be accepted in the societies although a times they have positive impacts. It also have both negative and positive impacts in the economic sector since people wastes a lot of time on them than they do on the economic boosting activities. They may also provide ideas on new activities of economic development through sharing with the others. Conclusion Facebook is a social networking site which is the most popular and widely used to connect across the world. It has both negative and positive impacts to the society through influencing all the life aspects like political, social and economic. The leaders have an opportunity to share with the other  leaders across the world thus they improve their leadership skills. Although some of the people waste a lot of time on the sites other than carrying out the economic activities, sometime they benefit by acquiring new ideas on economic activities.

Study On Biomass Power Plant Environmental Sciences Essay

Power coevals from biomass stuff is going one of the most promising options to the established power workss based on fossil fuels such as coal or natural gas. Biomass Ok, so, biomass is defined as any organic stuff derived from workss, that is available on a renewable footing. These stuffs are by and large known as biomass feedstocks and include: Wood: from forestry fixingss ( foristri – the scientific discipline of caring for woods, and the trees and other workss that grow in them ) or from wood treating systems ( production of wood merchandises, such as mush and paper, building stuffs ) . Energy harvests which are harvests grown specifically for energy applications. Agricultural residues ( residius ) residues from agribusiness reaping or processing. Municipal Waste ( miunicipal ) which is residential, commercial, and institutional post-consumer waste such as waste paper, composition board, nutrient waste. And besides Animal Waste from farms and animal-processing industries. The production of electricity from biomass is described as a C impersonal engineering because when a new works is turning, it absorbs carbon dioxide from the ambiance to make glUcose utilizing energy from the Sun. When this works stuff is burned or decomposed by microorganisms the carbon dioxide is released back to the ambiance. These procedure is known as C rhythm which maintain the atmospheric CO2 degrees and has happened since there have been workss on Earth. Fossil fuels such as coal and gas are besides derived from biological stuff ; nevertheless this stuff absorbed CO2 from the atmosphere many 1000000s of old ages ago and when the dodo fuels are burned, this carbon dioxide is released to the ambiance increasing the natural atmospheric concentrations. The critical difference between biomass and fossil fuels is one of clip graduated table. There are presently two chief procedures used in power workss for the production of electricity from biomass: and they are direct burning and gasification. Direct burning is basically the incineration of dry biomass in the presence of air to bring forth heat. Gasification is a thermochemical transmutation of biomass at high temperature ( 700A °C to 1000A °C ) in the presence of a limited sum of O into a combustible gas which is called syngas and is a mixture composed of chiefly carbon monoxide ( CO ) and H ( H2 ) – C monoxide, H, C dioxide and methane. Now let ‘s see how these procedures are integrated into the biomass power workss. So in the first procedure: The heat produced by direct biomass burning in a boiler can be used to bring forth electricity utilizing a steam turbine in the same manner as in a coal-burning power works. This is a diagram of a typical biomass steam power works. The biomass is collected and taken to the power station. At the power station the biomass is fed into the boiler where it is burned. The heat from firing the biomass is used to boil H2O which generates steam that turns the turbines. The turbines are connected to generators. The generator spins and the mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy. Biomass is renewable as it is a C impersonal beginning of energy. When a works is designed for working merely with biomass it is called dedicated biomass power workss. However, biomass can be burned with coal in bing coal power workss. These are called co-firing workss and are one of the most cost-efficient agencies of change overing biomass to electricity at big graduated table. This method makes usage of the bing substructure of the coal works and therefore it reduces the entire investing. The different co-combustion design constructs are shown in this figure. Co-firing can be direct, with biomass and coal being fed into the same boiler, or indirect, where a pre-treatment like gasification is carried out prior to the burning in the chief unit. In parallel burning, biomass and coal burning are separate and the boilers are connected merely on the steam side. Presently most biomass electricity coevals is based on burning. The graduated table of operation is a really of import factor for the efficiency. The efficiency tends to be in the scope of 18 % to 33 % in systems bring forthing from 10 to 50 MW. The maximal efficiencies could make about 45 % in big graduated table workss bring forthing more than 100 MW. In co-firing workss, efficiency of 39 % can be reached. Now let ‘s speak about gasification in biomass power workss. A typical diagram of a biomass gasification procedure combined with power coevals is shown in this figure. In this illustration, biomass is first dried and so injected into the gasifier. The ensuing biogas is purified in a cleansing system. The purified biogas is so utilized in the conventional Combined – Cycle Gas Turbine ( CCGT ) power works, to bring forth electricity. The biogas produced in the gasification procedure can besides be used in burning engines ( 10 kilowatt to 10 MW ) with efficiency of 30 % -35 % . At larger graduated tables ( & gt ; 30 MW ) , where gasification-based systems are coupled with combined gas and steam turbines the efficiency increases up to about 45 % . There are two others procedures which can be used to bring forth electricity from biomass but they are still in a pre-commercial phase. The first of them is Pyrolysis which is a thermochemical decomposition of organic stuff at high temperatures 325A °C to 500A °C in the absence of O, bring forthing gas and liquid merchandises that could be used in power coevals units or upgraded to transport fuel. This procedure besides produces a carbon-rich residue called biochar and one of the of import facets of biochar is that it is a natural fertilizer that can be used to better dirts quality, which can potentially increase energy harvest productiveness. The 2nd one, anaerobiotic digestion is a natural biochemical procedure in which microorganisms interrupt down the organic stuff, in the absence of air, to bring forth biogas ( chiefly a mixture of around 60 % methane and 40 % C dioxide ) . Anaerobic digestion is a procedure suitable for utilizing wet biomass, organic waste or carnal waste to bring forth power coevals on site. There are a figure of engineerings that support the transition paths of biomass feedstocks into energy. Drying is the most important because High wet content needs to be reduced to increase the net calorific value of the biomass, besides to cut down conveyance costs, and to better burning efficiency and the overall economic sciences of the procedure. Biomass such as agricultural and forest residues can be left in tonss on the harvest home site for deceasing, but particularly in humid climes, or parts with heavy snow autumn, this will non be sufficient to acquire to really low ( & lt ; 20 % ) wet content. Covering biomass hemorrhoids with rainproof sheets is a common step that helps accomplish low wet content and avoids decay of the biomass. In some instances, biomass feedstocks need to be actively dried before transition into utile energy. This can be executable from an economic and environmental point of position if waste heat is used, but to utilize fossil energy for drying biomass is questionable from both an economic every bit good as sustainability point of position. Pelletisation and briquetting Both pelletisation and briquetting are commercially available engineerings to automatically compact biomass. Low quality wood is the major feedstock for production of wood pellets, whereas briquetting is normally used to distill agricultural residues. Pellets are frequently used for long-haul conveyance of fuels for big graduated table usage, for illustration for co-firing in coal discharged power coevals workss. Cleaning The gas obtained from gasification contains drosss and particulates that need to be removed before utilizing it in power workss, because these contaminations can lend to eroding, corrosion, and loss of strength in the gas turbine constituents. Conventional methods for taking contaminations from biogas typically rely on chemical or physical cleansing processes runing at temperatures of 38A °C or less. When cooled to this degree, about all of the steam nowadays in the syngas condenses and the contaminations are removed. But so the gas has to be reheated. So, this procedure is non effectual for gas power workss and that ‘s why there is another engineering that is comparatively new and is called Hot gas killing where the cleansing procedure is carried out at high temperature, so that cut down this efficiency loss and better the gasification works ‘s commercial viability. The disadvantages of the hot gas killing engineering are that operational experience is limited, it has higher costs, and it adds complexness to the procedure ; nevertheless, it is considered to be the technologically more advanced pick for new dedicated biomass workss. BECSS CCS engineering is chiefly discussed in the context of avoiding CO2 emanations from dodo fuels, but the this could besides be used in bioenergy transition workss. The thought behind bioenergy with CCS ( BECCS ) is that capturing and hive awaying the CO2 emitted during bioenergy coevals provides the possibility to take â€Å" impersonal † Carbon dioxide from the ambiance, therefore supplying negative emanations. CO2 impersonal procedure Clean and dependable power beginning if sufficient biomass is available Way to dispose waste stuffs that otherwise would make environmental hazards. Social and economic impacts are besides of import factors in the overall impact of bioenergy production. Bioenergy deployment has considerable possible to make employment in the agricultural and forestry sector and along the supply concatenation, and therefore to profit rural communities. This facet is peculiarly of import in developing states, where much of the population depends on agribusiness for their support. In these states, bioenergy frequently provides energy in rural countries, and there is considerable possible to heighten this function by bettering the efficiency of bioenergy usage and making new, sustainable supply systems for biomass feedstocks. Main barriers confronting enlargement of biomass for power coevals are high costs, low transition efficiency and feedstock handiness. As any new engineering, biomass power coevals requires presently in most instances some degree of fiscal support. In the long term, bio-power potency will depend on engineering progresss and on competition for feedstock usage, and with nutrient production for cultivable land usage. Long-distance transit reduces economic and environmental attraction of biomass. Hazards associated with extended usage of biomass relate to intensive agriculture, fertilisers and chemicals use and biodiversity preservation. Certifications that biomass feedstock is produced in a sustainable manner are needed to better credence of public wood and lands direction. The usage of energy from biomass day of the months back to the first clip a fire was lit from the burning of wood. Prior to the industrial revolution, biomass was used for all of our energy demands. Up until the 1880s wood was used for 91 % of all our energy requirements.A 1890. Coal began to displace wood used in steam coevals. 1980s. High oil monetary values and dependance created new involvement in biomass energy, biomass power workss were built in North America and a big biomass power industry rapidly developed in California. By 1985, California had 850 megawatts of installed biomass power capacity. 1990s. Governments take a greater involvement in utilizing renewable energy, such as biomass, to diminish nursery gases and other emanations. 2000. A study of 133 states by the International Energy Agency shows that the biomass portion of entire energy ingestion is 10.5 % Presently, bioenergy electricity is chiefly generated through steam power coevals, including co-firing workss. Electricity supply from biomass has been increasing bit by bit since 2000 and in 2010 biomass provided around ( 280 TWh ) 1.5 % of universe electricity production. Power coevals from biomass is still concentrated in developed states, but for illustration China and Brazil are besides going of import electricity manufacturers in peculiar from agricultural residues thanks to back up programmes. The theoretical accounts established in these states could besides go a feasible manner to advance bioenergy electricity coevals in other non-OECD states with similar conditions.†¦Harmonizing to the International Energy Agency roadmap, universe bioenergy electricity coevals will increase by more than 10 times from around 290 TWh in 2009 to 3100 TWh in 2050 and could supply around 7.5 % of universe electricity coevals, compared to 1.5 % today. The usage of biomass for power coevals v aries between parts, depending on biomass handiness, transition costs, and the handiness of alternate low-carbon energy beginnings. China histories for the largest portion ( 920 T Wh ) of entire bioenergy electricity coevals in 2050, followed by OECD Americas ( 520 T Wh ) . Other parts besides have considerable coevals degree in 2050 such as OECD Europe ( 370 T Wh ) , Other Developing Asia ( 570 T Wh, of which 250 TWh in India ) , Eastern Europe and former Soviet Union ( FSU ) ( 280 TWh, of which 170 TWh in Russia ) and Central and South America ( 240 T Wh, of which 190 TWh in Brazil ) , some ( e.g. Eastern Europe and FSU, China ) get downing from a really low footing.†¦

Arranged Marriages In India essays

Arranged Marriages In India essays India is one of the world's oldest civilizations. It is a country of rich cultural, historical, and spiritual customs. The essence of religion prescribes a form of worship and guides daily conduct. Hinduism is the largest sector of religion believed by the East Indian culture; other branches are Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, and Zoroastrian (Srivastava 1995). The general basis of Hinduism practices is implemented throughout most of the East Indian people. One of the most significant beliefs, exercised within the Hindu religion, is marital customs. Arranged marriages, religious affiliation, bestowing of the dowry, the caste and the extended family system are all strongly imposed upon Hindu religious couples upon and preceding marriage. The Indian family system, which is better known as the extended family system has always been an important aspect of the East Indian culture. The extended family system pertains to the husband's family, where the newlywed couple will reside and contribute to the family's livelihood (Srivastava 1995). Despite the many social, cultural, and technological changes within India, the extended family system still continues to prevail in modern India. The males within the family are seen as the higher achy and protrude their dominance and control over all financial and economical needs (Segal 1991). The women constantly maintain the household chores, such as: taking care of the children and the elderly, socializing, communicating, and instilling cultural values upon the children (Segal 1991). The East Indian culture is more shifted toward the bearing of male children, which are greatly desired and preferred over female children (Segal 1991). Indian culture gives much importance to family r elationship. The parents take care of their children, and the children obey their parents, thus, in turn, the parents find a suitable spouse(s) for their children from appropriate families (Srivastava 1995). The idea behind...

Javelin Analysis Essays

Javelin Analysis Essays Javelin Analysis Essay Javelin Analysis Essay Aerobic Power/cardio-vascular endurance Javelin throwers need little or no aerobic power/cardio-vascular endurance because their event is purely anaerobic and lasts for such a short period of time that in needs only fast twitch fibres to achieve success. Anaerobic power/speed Javelin throwers undoubtedly need very good anaerobic power and speed because they take part in an event, which only takes a short period of time and requires a maximal effort. In terms of muscle fibres that they need to achieve the best results they require a very high percentage of fast twitch muscle fibres in comparison to slow twitch muscle fibres (around 60/70% fast twitch and 40/30% slow twitch). Of which of that 60/70% they want as many FTG (fast twitch glycolytic) muscle fibres as possible because their event is purely anaerobic so unlike FOG (fat oxidative glycolytic) muscle fibres which combine both of the two types, FOGs can work almost as well anaerobically as FTG muscle fibres but they lose some power and strength because they have a slightly small muscle diameter thus meaning they are not as strong. Yet because javelin throwing is purely anaerobic, competitors will want to get the full capacity out of their fast twitch muscle fibres which they can only do with FTG muscle fibres. Despite this FOG muscle fibres will be helpful for the javelin throwers over a series of heats because the throw is highly strenuous on the upper body in particular so they must have some anaerobic endurance. Explosive leg power Javelin throwers will have a high percentage of fast twitch fibres in their legs because they do play a large part in the throw, but in comparison too their upper body their legs are used more for gaining momentum rather than actually putting the force into the throw. This means that they dont need as high a percentage of FTG muscle fibres in their legs because they dont have to produce a maximal effort. Arm and shoulder strength Obviously javelin throwers need a lot of strength in their arms and shoulders because the bulk of the effort is coming from the upper body; the main movement a javelin thrower uses is the shoulder starting in an extended position and moving it into a flexed position to throw the javelin. They will also go from flexion at the elbow too extension of the elbow. The two main muscles in use for these movements will be the deltoid; bicep and tricep which are all obviously muscle of the arm and shoulder. So to carry out these movements effectively and successfully they require good strength and power in these departments. Arm and shoulder strength and endurance Although javelin throwers require no endurance in terms of aerobic endurance but in order to be able to throw the javelin the javelin over very long distances and then possibly have to repeat this throw and try and better it in the next heat they do necessitate endurance in terms of FOG muscle fibres as these have the advantages of slow twitch fibres (good blood supply, myoglobin content) but also have the advantages of FTG muscle fibres (long fast firing motor neurones and ATPase for quire ATP production) so they do give a certain amount of endurance in terms of anaerobic work. Abdominal strength and endurance Javelin throwers need good strength and some endurance in their abdominals as they play a part in the in the throw because they must take there run up in almost a side on position too the direction they wish to throw the javelin and then rotate at the torso to give the throw extra momentum. To do this effectively they must have strong abdominal muscles in order to rotate quickly without losing balance during the run up. Also when lifting the weight from the ground they must initially use their abdominals. Joint mobility/flexibility Javelin throwers need very high joint mobility and flexibility because throughout the throw they will be using a lot of the joints in their body, especially their torso, shoulders and elbows, on top of the rapid movements that will be taking place at these joints they will also be extremely powerful movements so the ligaments and tendons involved need to be very strong in order to withstand them. Agility Balance Agility is vital for success in javelin throwing because the competitors must be able to run reasonably quickly and then produce very rapid and powerful movements and at the same time they must keep their footing because if they dont they may step over the throwing line and the throw will be recorded as a foul. This is why we often see javelin throwers throw the javelin a good few metres away from the throwing line, in order to give them selves time and space too be able to catch their footing and find their balance. So someone with great agility in balance might be able to throw the javelin closer to the throwing line which will obviously add extra distance too their throw and give them an advantage. Co-ordination Javelin throwers do require some co-ordination because they must be able to throw the javelin while thinking about how they need to move to counter balance them selves while under the stress and momentum of the throw. Although this seems simple in terms of co-ordination, without it would be almost impossible to balance while producing such a massive effort. Reaction Time Javelin throwers dont require fast reactions at all because their event doesnt involve any reaction to any kind of stimulus which needs a quick reaction. Timing Although javelin throwers dont need amazing timing they must be able to self pace themselves, especially in terms of timing of their run and timing of their throw, because there is a possibility of fouling by stepping over the throwing line javelin throwers must be able to time their throws. If they throw the javelin too early they will lose distance on their throw but if they throw too late they risking fouling.

O Come All Ye Faithful in Spanish

O Come All Ye Faithful in Spanish One of the oldest Christmas carols still sung is often known by its Latin title, Adeste fideles, in Spanish. Here is one popular version of the song with an English translation and vocabulary guide. Venid, adoremos Venid, adoremos, con alegre canto;venid al pueblito de Belà ©n.Hoy ha nacido el Rey del los ngeles.Venid y adoremos, venid y admoremos,venid y adoremos a Cristo Jesà ºs. Cantadle loores, coros celestiales;resuene el eco angelical.Gloria cantemos al Dios del cielo.Venid y adoremos, venid y adoremos,venid y adoremos a Cristo Jesà ºs. Seà ±or, nos gozamos en tu nacimiento;oh Cristo, a ti la gloria ser.Ya en la carne, Verbo del Padre.Venid y adoremos, venid y adoremos,venid y adoremos a Cristo Jesus. Translation of Venid, adoremos Come, lets us worship with a happy song;come to the little town of Bethlehem.Today the King of the angels has been born.Come and worship, come and worship,Come and worship Christ Jesus. Sing him praises, heavenly choirs;may the angelical echo sound.Let us sing glory to the God of heaven.Come and worship, come and worship,come and worship Christ Jesus. Lord, we rejoice in your birth;O Christ, the glory will be yours.Now in the flesh, Word of the Father.Come and worship, come and worship,come and worship Christ Jesus. Vocabulary and Grammar Notes Venid: If youre familiar with only Latin American Spanish, you might not know this verb form of venir well. The -id is the ending for a command that goes with vosotros, so venid means you (plural) come or simply come. Canto: Although this word, meaning song or the act of singing, isnt particularly common, you should be able to guess its meaning if you know that the verb cantar means to sing. Coros, eco: Both of these words have English cognates (choir and echo, respectively) where the c of Spanish is the ch in English, although the sounds of both are the hard c. The sound of I and ch in  in these words comes from the chi or χ of Greek. Among the many other word pairs like these are cronologà ­a/chronology and caos/chaos.   Pueblito: This is a diminutive form of pueblo, meaning (in this context) town or village. You may have noticed that in the translation of O Little Town of Bethlehem that the form pueblecito is used. There is no difference in meaning. Diminutive endings can sometimes be applied freely; in this case pueblito was used because it fit the rhythm of the song. Belà ©n: This is the Spanish name for Bethlehem. It isnt unusual for names of cities, particularly those well-known centuries ago, to have different names in different languages. Interestingly, in Spanish the word belà ©n (not capitalized) has come to refer to a nativity scene or a crib. It also has a colloquial use referring to confusion or a confusing problem. Cantadle: This is the familiar command form of cantar (cantad), and le is a pronoun meaning him. Cantadle loores, coros celestiales means sing him praises, heavenly choirs. Resuene: This is a conjugated form of the verb resonar, to resound or to echo. Loor: This is an uncommon word meaning praise. It is seldom used in everyday speech, having mostly liturgical use. Seà ±or: In everyday use, seà ±or is used as a mans courtesy title, the same as Mr. Unlike the English word Mr., the Spanish seà ±or can also mean lord. In Christianity, it becomes a way of referring to Jesus. Nos gozamos: This is an example of a reflexive verb usage. By itself, the verb gozar would typically mean to have joy or something similar. In the reflexive form, gozarse typically would be translated as rejoice. Nacimiento: The suffix -miento offers one way of transforming a verb into a noun. Nacimiento comes from nacer, a verb meaning to be born. Carne: In everyday use, this word typically means meat.   Verbo del Padre: As you might guess, the most common meaning of verbo is verb. Here, verbo is an allusion to the Gospel of John, where Jesus is referred to as the Word (logos in the original Greek). The traditional Spanish translation of the Bible, the Reina-Valera, uses the word Verbo rather than Palabra in translating John 1:1 from Greek.

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 40

Marketing - Essay Example Our sponsors are currently all the leading brands and we have been able to increase our ROI from 10% to 20% since last year. The best aspect of working with our team is that we have done proper research about our market and we have complete understanding about our target market and the customers. We have designed all our marketing activities in accordance with the needs of our market so that all their demands are easily fulfilled and our company can expand its services to other States as well. The grocery shopping on the website gives an awesome experience and it is rightly said that the store provides access to all the grocery items with utmost ease. There is enough evidence about the success of this website but more details need to be provided about the investors. However, the life of Chicago people has eased out to a greater extent as they can easily purchase all their groceries in less period of time. Hence, it would have been more beneficial if some details about the products and services offered at the website are provided which will give a snapshot of the range of products offered by

Career Immersion Day Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Career Immersion Day - Assignment Example Economic analysts are hired by companies, organizations or even businesses for a specified length of time depending on the length of the assigned project. Their services are essential and important for the success of any project. The most prominent employer in this area is BNY Mellon. This is an exciting career as I will always remain updated on what is happening in the global market influenced by both the public and private sectors in the economy. Later in the future, I would love to establish my consultancy firm in this area in order to reach more clients in the global market.Cover LetterMy grades at all levels are excellent, especially in mathematics and business. My transcripts in the university are also good. Since I have specialized in financial economics; I believe that I have acquired the best in terms of knowledge and skills from the University. The learning environment is very challenging also exposes me to different situations and challenges in my line of study. The course outline provided during every semester has always ensured that I have been able to cover what is expected of me. Through the different case studies and researches issued by my professors and instructors, I have been able to explore the real situations in the global market by analyzing them and drawing up the conclusion. When it comes to the financial markets, analyzing different stock portfolios is quite interesting and challenging in all aspects.I believe that I also pose qualities that most employers are looking for.

Project Resource Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Project Resource Management - Research Paper Example The work will be carried out in two phases. In the first phase, the software installation will be carried out which will take 15 days. I have come to the conclusion of 15 days on the basis of the highest hours of work put in by one of the IT workers viz. the project analyst (150 hours). Assuming the IT workers put in 10 hours of work each day and work within under the supervision of the project analyst, the entire installation process must not take more than 15 days without weekend breaks. The budget for this phase is $486,005. In the second phase, 12 hospital employees will receive training. The training time for each employee is 2 days, totaling 24 days (12 x 2) in all. Assuming the employees work on a 5-days week schedule, the entire training will take 24 plus 6 days, totaling 30 days. The extra 6 days consist of 2 days leave for each week, that is, Saturday and Sunday, which occur three times during the 24 days training schedule. There is no additional cost for this phase as training is provided to two in-house employees by the vendor. These two employees have been entrusted with the responsibility of training the other 12 employees. (Asta Teamplan) The constraints and risks associated with computerization of the system normally arise due to systems breakdown which may be the result of a virus att

The Circle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Circle - Essay Example The images and sounds are equally pitiful and terrifying for the viewer. In quick summary, the movie begins with a miraculous event- the birth of a child. Unfortunately, the joy never follows because the child is a girl, even though the doctors told the family it would be a boy. Then the viewers meet Arezou and Nargess who have escaped from prison. They try to find their way to what they hope might be a country paradise. Another woman, Pari, is pregnant, but since her husband has been executed, she cannot get approval for an abortion. She is trying desperately to get one anyway. Yet another woman is trying to abandon her young daughter with the hopes that another family will take pity on her and give her a happy home. A prostitute, a luckily remarried woman, and a woman whose husband remarried while she was in prison round out the cast. It should be noted that the cast was not one of Hollywood starts, but of real Middle Eastern women. This lends a feel of authenticity and reality to the film. All of the women in director Jafar Panahi's film suffer from two things: their gender and their marital status. Single females in Iran are open to torturous and demeaning treatment every day. Their dress, travel, work, and hobbies are all subject to male approval. Their struggles are incomprehensible to women in the western world who alternate between voicing dismay at their plight and conveniently avoiding it. For these reasons. Panahi's film stings so deeply into the cores of viewers everywhere, especially women. Western society cannot understand, let alone justify, these treatments of women. Fortunately, two Middle Eastern women can provide explanations about the substance of this film as it relates to life for women in Tehran and the Middle East as a whole. Suad Joseph is currently a Professor of Anthropology of Women and Gender Studies and the Director of Middle East/South Asia Studies at the University of California at Davis. She is a native of Lebanon and has spent years researching women, family and children in her native land. Her research focuses on their concepts of self, citizenship and rights. She has written several books on the subject including Gender and Citizenship in the Middle East and Intimate Selving in Arab Families. She is the founder of the Association for Middle East Women Studies and of four American universities in the Middle East. Shemeem Burney Abbas is a native of Saudi Arabia. She has taught at colleges in both Islamabad and in Texas. She spent the years from 1987 to 1992 at the University of Austin in Texas and then at the Allama Iqbal Open University in Islamabad from 1992-1999 and then again from 2002-2003. She has given lecture of her article "The Female Voices in Sufi Ritual: An Ethnography of Speaking at the University of Texas, the University of North Carolina, Duke University, Columbia University, and the University of Pennsylvania in the United States. She currently holds a Ph.D. in English Language. According to Joseph, in Gender Citizenship in the Middle East, an examination of the legal documents related to citizenship has revealed that citizenship is extremely gendered in all arenas, particularly the political, economic and cultural. Joseph argues that the struggle for women to gain a sense of self and identity through citizenship has been compromised by the nations' struggles for identity themselves. The nations of the Middle East, on

Obesity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Obesity - Essay Example In airplanes, they should be forced to buy double seats to allow them and other passengers to travel comfortably. Those who feel aggrieved by such radical measure should look for other means of transport or board a private plane Jim is ethical because he does not steal the software but he is rather given for the being a member of the BB network. Secondly, utilitarianism demands that people act on the basis of the greater good. In this setting, it is clear that the process of procurement of software by their company is hectic, and therefore to increase their efficiency Jim and his colleagues, they opt to download software. Lastly, by telling the truth to Thelma, Jim is ethical. Thelma is being harmed because she her moral principles on copyrighted product are also being violated. In addition, the software companies lose sales because of such networks. Thus, Thelma and software companies are the major victims. Having software in BB implies that people have the privilege of accessing or downloading them. Hence, these are acting ethically in the sense that they follow the required procedure to obtain software via BB. Further, it is the easiest or the fastest way to obtain software because it takes care of people who cannot afford to buy software. In addition, these people do not hack sites for software but rather share what they have between each other. Thelma has a choice of either not associating with site if she feels it is unethical or be part of the network if she can justify the actions and values based on utilitarian principle. However, considering her first reaction she ought not join the network at

The Circle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Circle - Essay Example The images and sounds are equally pitiful and terrifying for the viewer. In quick summary, the movie begins with a miraculous event- the birth of a child. Unfortunately, the joy never follows because the child is a girl, even though the doctors told the family it would be a boy. Then the viewers meet Arezou and Nargess who have escaped from prison. They try to find their way to what they hope might be a country paradise. Another woman, Pari, is pregnant, but since her husband has been executed, she cannot get approval for an abortion. She is trying desperately to get one anyway. Yet another woman is trying to abandon her young daughter with the hopes that another family will take pity on her and give her a happy home. A prostitute, a luckily remarried woman, and a woman whose husband remarried while she was in prison round out the cast. It should be noted that the cast was not one of Hollywood starts, but of real Middle Eastern women. This lends a feel of authenticity and reality to the film. All of the women in director Jafar Panahi's film suffer from two things: their gender and their marital status. Single females in Iran are open to torturous and demeaning treatment every day. Their dress, travel, work, and hobbies are all subject to male approval. Their struggles are incomprehensible to women in the western world who alternate between voicing dismay at their plight and conveniently avoiding it. For these reasons. Panahi's film stings so deeply into the cores of viewers everywhere, especially women. Western society cannot understand, let alone justify, these treatments of women. Fortunately, two Middle Eastern women can provide explanations about the substance of this film as it relates to life for women in Tehran and the Middle East as a whole. Suad Joseph is currently a Professor of Anthropology of Women and Gender Studies and the Director of Middle East/South Asia Studies at the University of California at Davis. She is a native of Lebanon and has spent years researching women, family and children in her native land. Her research focuses on their concepts of self, citizenship and rights. She has written several books on the subject including Gender and Citizenship in the Middle East and Intimate Selving in Arab Families. She is the founder of the Association for Middle East Women Studies and of four American universities in the Middle East. Shemeem Burney Abbas is a native of Saudi Arabia. She has taught at colleges in both Islamabad and in Texas. She spent the years from 1987 to 1992 at the University of Austin in Texas and then at the Allama Iqbal Open University in Islamabad from 1992-1999 and then again from 2002-2003. She has given lecture of her article "The Female Voices in Sufi Ritual: An Ethnography of Speaking at the University of Texas, the University of North Carolina, Duke University, Columbia University, and the University of Pennsylvania in the United States. She currently holds a Ph.D. in English Language. According to Joseph, in Gender Citizenship in the Middle East, an examination of the legal documents related to citizenship has revealed that citizenship is extremely gendered in all arenas, particularly the political, economic and cultural. Joseph argues that the struggle for women to gain a sense of self and identity through citizenship has been compromised by the nations' struggles for identity themselves. The nations of the Middle East, on

Scrutinize the Qatar Architects Ethical and Professional Code of Assignment - 1

Scrutinize the Qatar Architects Ethical and Professional Code of Conduct, Analyze and structure its components in canons, ethical standards (ES) and rules, according to the AIA and RIBA codes - Assignment Example The second part analyses and relates the AIA codes and then the RIBA codes to that of Qatar Architects’ ethical standards and professional codes are essential since they work towards aligning themselves with the AIA’s Ethics Code on Human Rights: This is through prohibiting design of execution and spaces, torture, inhuman treatment, and degrading treatment of architects. All registered architects must try to promote excellence in architecture through their work and encourage others too. They must also carry out their duties to the best of their ability and to the satisfaction of clients and have proper regard for the interests of all consumers. The code of conduct expects architects to conduct themselves with integrity and honesty. This is in line with RIBA codes of integrity. This makes them to honor architecture as a unique profession. They must not act in manners that will make put their profession into dispute. They must therefore, work with fairness and integrity. The Qatari architects’ code of conduct explains that architects (registered), do not have interest in personal or financial in connection with businesses that may turn out to be inconsistent with obligations of professional conduct and standards. The code also calls for architects to rely on performance, ability, and experience as the basis of advancement in business, and shall not criticize maliciously how other architects work. Finally, it states that an architect shall be disqualified to serve as director or partner of any practice of architecture proffering service to the public when he becomes a bankrupt or his application is not discharged or has his application rejected by the registration board of architects. The first standard in architecture is about integrity and honesty, where architects are at all times expected to act with honesty and integrity and avoid situations or actions inconsistent with professional obligations. Secondly, they need

Autopsy of a Crime Scene Essay Example for Free

Autopsy of a Crime Scene Essay 1.Which technique is the best choice when blood is found at a crime scene? In the genetics laboratory (under resources at the bottom of the window), who is one individual that contributed to modern genetic analysis? What did this person contribute? I would say that analyzing the blood in a lab would be the best technique. Alec Jeffreys is known as the father of genetic profiling. He invented what is now an essential technique, especially in forensic science, called a polymerase chain reaction, or PCR. 2.How are computers used in fingerprint analysis? Experts examine tiny fingerprint details known as minutiae. These may be loops, dots, forks, islands, etc. Several comparison points must be perfectly matched for two fingerprints to be considered identical. 3.Who is a pioneer in fingerprint analysis? Describe a famous case that this person was involved in. Edward Foster studied fingerprint analysis in the US and introduced it to Canada. IN1911, Foster testified as a fingerprint expert in the Jennings case. Fingerprints in the wet paint next to Mr. Hiller, the murder victim, were the only clue. Foster demonstrated to the court that the prints of Thomas Jennings, who had been arrested as he was fleeing the scene, matched those left in the paint, and Jennings was convicted. 4.What is the role of the forensic chemist in crime scene investigation? These experts analyze all chemical, organic, and inorganic aspects of a sample. They separate the components and identify them using a variety of tests and devices. Their findings are used as evidence by the investigator and in court. 5.Who helped pioneer forensic chemistry? Describe one of her famous cases. France McGill became a pathologist and teacher is Saskatchewan. When Dr. McGill examined the stomachs of an elderly couple who had died on Christmas Day, she found a large quantity of strychnine, a powerful poison, along with the bran. The murder weapon was soon identified: the two of the victims had eaten bran muffins baked by their granddaughter. She had actually intended them for her father. She was charged with murder, but later acquitted. 6.In the ballistics laboratory, what is the water tank used for? Describe the analysis. To determine whether a bullet found at the crime scene actually came from the suspects weapon, it must be compared with  another bullet from the same gun. Ballistics experts fire it into a special water tank that slows and stops the bullet so that they can collect it intact. 7.Who helped pioneer ballistics analysis? What did he contribute? Wilfrid Derome was a multitalented Quebec doctor: a medico-legal expert, toxicologist, forensic photographer, medical examiner and scientific communicator. He founded the Laboratoire de recherchà © medico-legales de Montreal, the first laboratory in North America and only the third in the world. His motto: â€Å"Never allege anything you can’t prove.† 8.Why is measuring and diagramming the scene important? A police officer makes a sketch of the scene, measuring distances using measuring tapes and a laser meter. He notes the specific location of objects, Clues, and the body. The photos of this sketch will later be used to draw an accurate plan of the site on the computer. 9.What materials or tools would a crime scene technician use? A crime scene technician would use a camera to photograph the scene, a polilight to find clues that a rent visible to the naked eye, he would make diagrams and take measurements, they would use a magna brush and some type of colored powder to make any fingerprints more visible, and anything to properly take samples with. 10.From the activity and the information it had, what aspect of an investigation do you think you’d most like to work in? For example, would you prefer one of the laboratories? What appeals to you about this particular aspect of the investigation? I think I would like to work in a lab doing ballistics examination because I like to do a lot of puzzles and I believe that in some aspects it is like a big puzzle trying to figure out which gun fired the bullets at the scene.

Functional areas of a business

Functional areas of a business Outcome 1 Avril Montgomery 1) Open System An open systems approach is a business approach that emphasizes commercially supported practices, products, specifications and standards. Motorola is an open system. Using this approach assists their long term success. They are able to produce an appropriate output as they know the importance of gaining input from their surroundings. As a global leader in a wide range of technologies, the most important aim of Motorola is to maintain their position. Motorola is knowledgeable to the fact that technology develops rapidly and in order to access these technologies customers will require the latest modern products. They aim to distinguish themselves from their competitors by creating cutting edge designs that meet the expectations of the customers. The launch of the worldwide marketing campaign Mobile Me which includes innovative design and wireless features has set them apart from their competitors. Their range of Bluetooth wireless devices enhances the mobile experience for customers. M otorola is aware of the effect mobile phones and other electronic products have on the environment. They apply technical skills to decrease negative effects to the environment at each stage of the product life cycle. One of their goals with regard to the environment is to produce products which contain minimal amounts of poisonous chemicals or to cut them out completely. 2) Structure During the 1980s, due to other mobile phone companies such as Nokia, Samsung and Sony creating strong competition, Motorola struggled to keep up. In order to reverse the slump in sales, top managers at Motorola decided to improve the quality. This change was needed due to global competitors and changing technology. The plan was to aim for zero defects in the production. Motorola implemented a system called Six Sigma. Six Sigma is a business management strategy which attempts to identify and eliminate the causes of defects and mistakes in the manufacture and business process. The program was stretched out from operations to the other functional areas sales and marketing, personnel and human resources. Reorganising into four business areas during 2005, allowed Motorola to improve their response to the needs of the customers and environmental changes that have taken place. As 58% of the companys total sales were made up from mobile devices, Motorola views this as a significant contributor to their organisation. 3) Organisational concepts Motorolas structure is based on their products, these are: Connected home solutions Connected home solutions Government and enterprise mobility solutions Networks Motorolas functional areas are: Research and development Sales and marketing Personnel and human resources Functional areas were set up by Motorola to support the product areas. Marketing is a very important area as the views of customers can be obtained to determine what they want. It is essential for the marketing and the research and development areas to work together to meet the needs of the customers. Technology is always advancing which means that the research and development area must stay ahead to include these advances in their design. To adjust to environmental changes, it is necessary for all functional areas to work together. 4) Advantages of Motorolas structure Continual development of knowledge in dealing with Motorolas complex products The structure allows Motorola to react quickly to environmental changes. This allows the company to respond to technological change. This form of structure allows Motorola to be extremely client orientated Disadvantages of Motorolas structure As the emphasis is the product, Motorola may have a problem of coordination They may be an apparent redundancy of effort and not much cooperation between product areas Managers may focus on their line of work to the disadvantage of the company as a whole. 5) Internal stakeholder Motorolas business unit is managed by Ronald Garriques. He is responsible for the mobile devices business unit and has the authority to guide the business unit for defining the strategy for mobile devices. He must guide the mobile device business to succeed otherwise he will be responsible for any failure and have to accept that responsibility. He has authority in the organisations formal structure. In terms of the informal structure of the organisation however, his authority is limited as this is normally governed by a group of individuals. His power could be undermined by the group of individuals, which could perhaps be detrimental to the business. External stakeholder Greenpeace is a worldwide campaigning organisation that acts to change attitudes and behaviour, to protect and conserve the environment. As an external stakeholder in Motorola they could have a big effect on the formal structure of Motorola. Although Greenpeace have no power in the formal organisation, they have influenced Motorolas behaviour in terms of the environment as Motorola have a policy and commitment regarding this issue. They can exert some degree of authority, by persuading Motorola to train their staff on environmental issues and getting them to have an environmental policy. Through education programmes, they have the power to influence groups of individuals, making them aware of the harmful effects that the substances in mobile devices has on the environment.

Animal Testing Needs To Stop Essay -- essays research papers

Cosmetic and drug companies should stop animal testing. By animal testing, the companies not only violate the animals' rights (which is breaking the law), but their testing methods are hazardous which endanger the animal's life. Finally, the companies should stop animal testing because each year we lose hundreds of thousands of animals and could make a difference by stopping this cruelty. Stop the animal testing, and save a life. To start with, cosmetic and drug companies should stop animal testing their products. By animal testing, they not only violate the animals' rights- they are breaking the law. Animals cannot speak for themselves so when they are unwillingly tested on, they cannot say anything in their own defense. The companies that test on animals violate the rights that were given to all living beings-including animals. As most know, this is illegal to break the law, yet still they get away with it. Who wants these companies taking charge of our rights- our freedom? Therefore, animals should not be used as lab specimens just so we humans can indulge ourselves in beauty products. Take a stand against animal testing, immediately, and stop this brutal treatment that is being done to these defenseless animals. Above all, help save their lives, and help show others how important it is that people know just how big of a difference they can make. In addition to breaking the law and violating animal rights, the cosmetic and drug companies endanger the helpless animals with their destructive testing methods and procedures. Scientists have tested up to twenty animals at a single time. In that experiment, each individual animal died. Their testing methods are not only horrible, but they are deadly. Whethe... ... To review, animal testing does nothing helpful to anyone except to cover up themselves with fashionable beauty products in which hundreds of thousands of innocent animals die every year. The companies that test violate the animal?s rights and at the same time, break the law. Animal testing for medicines, and make up is unreasonable and cruel to the animal. Finally, the companies testing methods are hazardous and deadly, and endanger the animal?s life- if they do not die first. Animal testing should be stopped and ban from ever being done again. Animal testing is not a requirement and therefore it does not have to be done. There are alternatives to animal testing and yet we fail to see them. By stopping animal testing, you can save hundreds of thousands of animals a year. These animals do not deserve to be treaty so viciously. Stop animals testing and save a life.

Implementing Change

Implementing change in a department of organization can be difficult. Management must have a plan before implementing the change. The manager’s role and responsibility in implementing change within a department is very important. The manager’s role is to assess the change that needs to take place, come up with a plan to implement a change, implement the change, and evaluate the change in a timely order. To have a successful implementation of a new process, the manager must be involved in each step. The manager must keep the staff involved and let the staff know why the change is taking place and how it will affect the work process. The manager faces many challenges such as meeting the organizations goals and working with staff members who might resist the change. This paper will focus on the manager’s role and responsibility in implementing change, the way a manager should successfully handle staff resistance to change and define each step of the change process such as assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation. When there is a change in the work process within the department, the manager’s role and responsibility is to make sure the implementation of the changes takes place smoothly with the help of the staff. According to Sullivan & Decker (2009), the manager must be able to communicate openly and honestly with the staff, support the staff if they are resisting the change, emphasize the positive outcomes from initiating change, find solutions to problems that are obstacles to change and accept the constancy of change. The manager must be able to identify the change, collect and analyze data, develop a plan, help the staff prepare for the change, prepare to handle resistance, provide feedback, and evaluate effectiveness of the change. The manager should involve the staff in the implementation of the new work process. According to Knoer (2011), communication is one of the most important tools that a leader must utilize to successfully implement. If the manager does not involve the staff, the staff might think their input is not important or their employment will be affected. This can lead to resistance from staff and have a negative affect in the department. The staff can give managers their input on what areas should be focused on and raise concerns that management might look over. By having the staff involved the manager can prevent them from resisting the change or have a better understanding of why the staff might be resisting and work on ways to lower the staff resistance. With change comes resistance. According to Fiedler (2010), resistance is considered to possibly have positive and/or negative impact on a change, and to be exerted by internal or external environments. The department manager must be able to successfully handle resistance from staff members. Some reasons why a staff member might resist the change is because he or she might not trust the manager, have a fear of failure, believe the change is unnecessary, staff may think if a certain change did not work in the past it will fail again, and the number one reason is the staff member might think he or she will lose their job. Resistance can also come in the form of poor work habits, not showing up to work on time, calling in sick, and lack of interest in the change. The department manager can manage resistance by talking to staff members who are opposed to the change. By talking to the staff, the manager will understand the staff’s concerns and clarify any misunderstanding. The manager must be willing to listen to the staff’s ideas but explain to the staff why the change needs to take place and the positive changes the implementation will bring to the department. The manager must keep open communication, support, and maintain trust of the resisting staff. A manager can be successful with resisting staff if he or she is flexible, confident, realistic, staying focused on the big picture, by combining ideas, energizing the resistors with interests, and solves problems. The change process should be taken in steps of assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The first step assessing the change requires collecting and analyzing important data. Assessing the department will help the manager learn what changes are needed, how to improve the quality of work, stay ahead of the competition, and how to approach the implementation. The plan is the second step and involves gathering the resources needed to implement the change. According to Lombardi & Schermerhorn, â€Å"planning is the process of setting performance objectives and determining what actions should be taken to accomplish them† (p. 7). By having a plan management can prevents mistakes and accidents from happening, without a plan the new change can become a chaos. Employees will be doing what they think is right and this can cause many problems between the staff and management. When management has a plan employees know what is expected of them and know how to achieve the depart ments goals. The next step is to implement the change, where the plan is put into action. The manager has to make sure the staff has the resources needed for the change. If the staff needs to be trained they should receive all trainings before the implementation of the change. This can help the manager keep employees focused and energized. The last step is the evaluation of the change. In this step the manager will evaluate the new step after a set amount of time. The evaluation allows the manger to see how the change has affected the department, whether the change is working, and meeting the goals required in the plan. When implementing change, the manager must knows his or her roles, responsibilities, and how to approach the staff. The manager should not decide what changes needs to take place without assessing the departments needs. The manager must take into consideration how the new change will affect the employees work process, productivity of the department, the morale of the department. Employees concerns should be taken into consideration as well as the expectation of resistance from some employees. At each phase of the change the manager must refer to the plan and must be able to evaluate the change in a timely manner. Implementing change can be difficult but if the manager follows the change process they will be successful.

The Life and Survival Made by the Nile

Egypt, one of the world’s greatest and longest surviving civilizations, all came to be by one thing, the Nile River. Ancient Egypt started in about 5,000 years ago, and lasted about 3000 years. The resource that helped structure the Ancient Egypt through that time was the Nile River. An ideal to wonder about is: In what ways did the Nile River shape (change) Ancient Egypt’s society? From the info obtained, it explains that the Nile River shaped Ancient Egypt’s society though religion, transportation, and geography. There are multiple ways the Nile helped within religion. Stated in document D, people believed that when they died, the Nile would go with them. In Document E, people were so happy of the flood that happened; almost all Egyptians believed the Nile was a gift to them from the gods. Due to people wishing the Nile will be with them forever and everybody worshiping it, the Nile resided deeply in Egypt’s religion. Along with religion, the Nile affected transportation to other areas as well. That was one of the only ways to get though the area. Document C tells about how movement worked using the Nile’s currents, and Document D visualized the way of currents and irrigation canals as borders. Document A also visualized the whole Nile in Egypt, showing that there was only one way of trade. Because of the Nile the only way around using currents and a way of irrigation, it seems that the Nile is very valuable in transportation. Another pretty important area to think about happens to be agriculture. With agriculture, you would be able to survive. With document A, the Nile showed that most cities were near water. Document B explained the seasons of agriculture caused by the Nile and Document E praised those seasons for food and good health (no famine). From what is seen with most Egyptians living near water and seasons used to tell about floods that allowed plants to grow, the Nile was vital for survival in Egypt. From what all info looks like, the Nile created survival for the Egyptians. People believed it was a god due to the Nile feeding them. The Nile was the only way to get around and trade. Also, the Nile brought in fertile soil for agriculture to happen. From all of these ideals combined together, it’s easy to say that the Nile helped create Egypt’s society and helped it survive.

Lewy Et Al: Study Review

Lewy et al (2006) study review Background: This study was based by another study done by Avery et al. (2001). The study investigated the relationship of melatonin levels in conjunction with sleep patterns and Seasonal Affective Disorder. Seasonal Affective Disorder is a type of depression that occurs in the beginning and ending stages of winter, where the amount of daylight is shorter. This usually occurs in northern countries with colder climates, since the production of melatonin is triggered by lack of light. Aim:The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between melatonin, the sleep cycle, and the time of melatonin release. Procedure: The researchers conducted an experiment similar to Avery (2001). Participants with Seasonal Affective disorder (SAD) was divided into four groups– dawn simulation therapy, traditional bright-light therapy, a control and a group given with low doses of melatonin at night. Results: The researchers found that the sleep patter ns and mood of the participants were significantly higher than the other groups, but not high enough to compare with the group receiving bright-light therapy.Therefore, it can be concluded that the bright-light therapy is more efficient in treating  Seasonal Affective disorder (SAD) than the other procedures (dawn simulation, group given low doses of melatonin at night. Discussion: This study contributed to the understanding of the relationship between melatonin and the circadian rhythm (sleep-wake cycle). This can also be applied to the concept of jet-lag, in which our bodies can adapt to another time zone by making us sleep at specific times.

Strategic marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Strategic marketing - Essay Example The researcher of this essay aims to analyze ‘Caffeine Light Dry Cider’ of Strongbow, that might be promoted with the help of intensive distribution systems such as wholesalers and retailers. In addition, the availability of ‘Caffeine Light Dry Cider’ might also increase resulting in augmentation of the corporate image of Strongbow. ‘Caffeine Light Dry Cider’ is one of the premium drinks introduced by Strongbow for its female customers in order to offer them a revitalizing beverage. In order to enhance the position of ‘Caffeine Light Dry Cider’, Strongbow might utilize push and pull strategy resulting in augmentation of its market demand. Other than this, Strongbow might also utilize varied other advertising sources such as television, magazines, media, internet to increase the awareness of the customers towards the new product. Moreover, Strongbow might also sponsor varied fashion events and cricket matches in order to enhance the consciousness of the citizens. It might further help in enhancing the allegiance resulting in amplification of the efficiency of Strongbow in the market of Australia. In addition, Strongbow might introduce ‘Caffeine Light Dry Cider’ in bottles, tin cans, and stainless steel casks or kegs in order to attract more customers from the young generation. This might help Strongbow to augment its effectiveness and steadiness among other leading players of the similar sector. Moreover, it might also facilitate Strongbow to augment its total sales and revenue.... eover, as the brand is available at a cheaper rate, it can also be offered to all income groups which signify another important factor for its growth and expansion across the globe. Similarly, it can also be offered to both the genders, i.e. males and females. Targeting Strongbow is targeted towards young generation female customers as it is an alcoholic drink which is learnt to offer a sense of refreshment. For this reason, the female segment of the society also tends to prefer the drink as it provides enjoyment and stimulation after the entire day of hardship. Moreover, it can be targeted to both occasional as well as regular users in order to increase its fidelity in the market. Positioning Strongbow is mainly preferred by the young generation of the society. Moreover, as it includes an apple flavor so it is also perceived as an energizing drink. For this reason, the demand for Strongbow dry cider enhanced to a rapid extent in the market of Australia. Product strategies Strongbow is one of the brands which is learnt to always attempt offering extensive concentration over research and development initiatives in order to introduce inventive products for its customers. It is recognized as one of the strengths of the brand which might facilitate it to sustain in this era of competitiveness. This particular strategic measure can significantly assist it to enhance its market share and brand distinctiveness over other market competitors. It might also help to reduce the business risks resulting in augmentation of profit margin. For this reason, Strongbow initiated a new product named ‘Caffeine Light Dry Cider’ mainly for the female customers in order to enhance their reliance and loyalty over the brand. The prime objective behind this strategy is to establish itself as

Assignment 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

Assignment 2 - Essay Example ng, investigating and comprehending concepts for the main objective of concept advancement, description, contrasting, explanation, classification, modification and substantiation. Conceptual analysis is further a course of investigation that delves into concepts for their stage of advancement as portrayed by their interior framework, applications and interaction to other concepts. In fact, conceptual analysis outlines the center for supplying definitions of abstract concepts. It has varied standing in learning. From the time when it was introduced in learning, it was clear that it is a fundamental tool for advancement of theory. However, it is clear that conceptual analysis is complicated. It is evident that it does not provide clear means to contribute to further theoretical knowledge (Sowa, 2006). Conceptual analysis does not provide significant theoretical foundation of learning. In reference to Sowa (2006), it is a random and an informal process that constrains the development of science. It can lead to huge worry and anxiety for the reason that there are no strict rules on how to conduct the process of conceptual analysis. This means that researchers can fail to determine the best way to carry out the whole process that includes going through large mass of literature. Due to the fact that conceptual analysis has an easy attribute, the work at the end of the process is associated with poor quality. It is clear that conceptual analysis requires a lot of thorough work, patience and elevated levels of cognitive abilities which many researchers lack, thereby lowering the quality of the end result. Conceptual analysis may lead to a value attachment, thereby moralising the concept in analysis in case there are any values attached. This may bar the analytic process and destroy the entire research. On the other hand, concept critical thinking lacks a moral feature and value attachment turns out to be useless in the current analysis. There is a desire to increase

Analysis Of The Switzerland's Economic Assignment

Analysis Of The Switzerland's Economic - Assignment Example The country’s environment is peaceful and conducive for both local and international investments. The labor force in Switzerland is highly skilled thus has contributed to the high employment rate. The economic performance of the country as measured by the gross domestic product is among the leading worldwide. The high economic growth in the country is boosted by the service sector of the economy. Switzerland is amongst the top performing and highly competitive countries in the world due to its transparent legal systems, well-organized capital markets, low tax rates on corporations and outstanding infrastructural development.In order to fairly compete in the Euro zone, Switzerland has aligned its economic practices with those of other countries in Europe. Almost half of its total exports have their destinations within Europe. The country’s economy is more stable than for most of the countries in the Euro zone. The condition has led to an increase in the value of the Swis s Franc against other currencies in the Euro zone. A stable currency is an indicator of a viable investment opportunity. The economic indicatorsIn order to conform to the requirement of this report, factors influencing the following three economic indicators are to be discussed: economic growth, the inflation rate, and the exchange rate. The economic growth of a country is the rise in the market value of outputs (goods and services) that are produced in a country within a period, usually one year (McDowell 2012).

Napoleon's Rule Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Napoleon's Rule - Research Paper Example In essence, history lets us know how we came to be who we are and makes it possible for us to get a new perception of the world through different eyes. An awareness of there being these different perceptions allows students to carry out a critical analysis of their own society and culture and acknowledge and critique their own assumptions. The French Revolution and Napoleon are of major importance to history because they brought about the modern warfare as it came to be referred to in the nineteenth and twentieth century. They signify the transition from small, well-trained armies of the king to huge armies brought up by the universal male enlistment of nations. The war shifted from being king in opposition to the king to be the nation in opposition to the nation. France and all the satellite states it controlled had their resources availed to King Napoleon for use in waging war and this saw the groundwork for war being set in the nineteenth century for a full-on war in the twentieth century.2 The end of dominant monarchies in addition to churches and the emerging of democracy and patriotism are attributed to the French Revolution, it brought on popular repugnance to the privileges that benefited the clergy and aristocracies at a time when there was also an economic crisis. The French Revolution is seen as a turning po int event that changed Europe once and for all following in the pace of the American Revolution that had taken place a decade earlier.3 There had been seven years of war prior to the French Revolution and this had a profound effect on the French and they became restless as well as making the Western world volatile.  Ã‚  

How is national identity constructed in everyday life Essay

How is national identity constructed in everyday life - Essay Example First of all it is necessary for us to make clear the definition of our subject and its obvious connection with day-to-day life of an individual. In other words it is significant for our study to systematize our definition of a national identity and parts from which it consists. National identity consists of and develops with a help of almost everything that surrounds person during his or her daily activities. Of course we are going to talk about this in general and exclusions like in cases of immigration or living in exile are not among the topics of our research. Every day person deals with problems and issues that guarantee this person’s further existence. All people except maybe some monks in mountains identify themselves with and depend on the country in which they live. These national borders do not always remain final and non-arguable but in most cases for now countries all around the world stay in more or less stable condition. This allows us to talk about formed national identity except maybe for those people who live in regions like Middle East or post-Soviet Union regions where nationality is not formed at all or not formed well. Everyday life consists of our co-existing with all kinds of political, social, cultural, religious and other ideological and traditional ideas and concepts. I suggest to pay each of them attention which they deserve as parts of a basis of our question. Geographical position and ethnic roots predispose the origin of nations. After people became a group the psychological and ideological formation of an identity has been developing and evolving. So the location acts as a starting point for the further establishment of a national character and this evolution of a savage into a civilized citizen is influenced by different factors (Henslin, 2011). Politics and political consciousness of an individual are one of the most important details in the

The revolutionary war Essay Example for Free

The revolutionary war Essay The Revolutionary War created the pathway to what we are now. We became independent and it gave us freedom from Britains King. The war led us to the new life we wanted without control of outside countries. But without the encouragement of writers to help us in our time of need, things still would not have been that easy. Some of the great writers that influenced others to make history happen would be Thomas Paine, Thomas Jefferson, and Patrick Henry. These men wrote articles that encouraged others to stand up for what they believed in, and they wrote remarkable speeches that helped us become who we are. They had the courage to write their thoughts into writing that inspired many to fight for what they believed in. Without the help of literature within the period of our time, maybe things wouldve gone differently. The winter of 1776 was a dreadful time for George Washington and his troops. They had little food, inadequate shelter, and many were deserting (Berstein 161). Into this horrible situation came Thomas Paine. In England, he had moved, without success, through several occupations. He then began to write essays supporting Americas fight for independence, shortly after his arrival in 1774. In December of 1776, he started to write a series of articles entitled The Crisis. His words inspired many soldiers to enlist in the army and encouraged them to continue fighting. After the publication of his articles, the first anti-slavery movement, The American Antislavery Society, was found (Katz 1). His beliefs of universal order, in human perfectibility, and in the power of reason, guided him throughout his life to express himself and persuade others to fight for what they believed in. Yet Paine, a fuzzy historical figure of the 1700s, is remembered mostly for one or two sparkling patriotic quotes These are the times that try mens souls and little else (Katz 1). The Crisis gave enough courage to the Americans that when they attacked Britain at Trenton they succeeded. His articles encouraged soldiers to continue fighting Britain and made them realize that the more they want Freedom, the more theyll have to fight. The victory at the battle of Trenton marked a turning point in the war. Thomas Jefferson was a powerful advocate of liberty who was born in 1743 in Albermarle County, Virginia. He studied at the College of William and Mary,  and then read law. In 1772 he married Martha Wayles Skelton. Freckled and sandy-haired, rather tall and awkward, Jefferson was eloquent as a correspondent, but he was no public speaker. In the Virginia House of Burgesses and the Continental Congress, he contributed his pen rather than his voice to the patriot cause. As the silent member of the Congress, Jefferson, at 33, drafted the Declaration of Independence. Jefferson put little that was new into the famous document. On the same day that Independence was declared, Mr. Jefferson was appointed one of a committee of three to devise an appropriate Coat of Arms for the republic of the United States of America (Rayner 8). Part of the declaration ideas had already been much discussed in America. They had previously been popular in England; John Locke had used them in his book On Civil Government, a defense of the English Revolution of 1688. The Declaration is a statement of the American theory of government. Three basic ideas were involved: (1) God had made all men equal and had given them the rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness (instead of Lockes pursuit of property); (2) the main business of government was to protect these rights; (3) if a government tried to withhold these rights, the people were free to revolt and to set up a new government. These three ideas formed the groundwork for the state governments that were established after the Declaration was adopted. The declaration came to be on July 4, 1776, when the members of the Continental Congress assembled at the State House in Philadelphia to take up a matter of vital importance. Two days earlier the Congress had voted to declare the colonies to be free and independent states. Now they were considering how to announce that fact to the world. By the end of the day, the final wording had been determined and the Congress voted unanimously to adopt one of historys greatest documents, which was the Declaration of Independence. The stirring phrases of the Declaration inspired the patriots to defeat the British, thus guaranteeing independence (Rayner 8). Since that time the Declaration has been a source of pride and strength for every generation of Americans. The American political leader Patrick Henry was one of the most celebrated orators of the American Revolution (Logan 6). He was born on May 29, 1736, in Hanover County, Virginia. Henry failed as both a storekeeper and a farmer  before being admitted to the Virginia bar in 1760 (Logan 6). However, he won fame in 1763 after his impassioned pleading in the Parsons Cause, a case in which he defended the right of the colony to fix the price of the tobacco in which the clergy were paid, despite a contrary ruling from London. Many feel he began the revolutionary movement in the South. Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty or give me death! an infamous statement by Henry that had led others to stand up for what they believed in. He boldly stated how the people should not let the king push them around and people agreed. His speech encouraged others to make a statement against the king to rebel and they got their respect. The Revolutionary War, which was greatly won, involved many literary works that had big impacts. Thomas Paines The Crisis encouraged many citizens to fight for what they believed in and this led to the victory of the Battle of Trenton. This document was much likely related to Patrick Henrys attempt to encourage others to rebel against Britains regulations with tobacco. Thomas Jefferson also had created a literary work that affected our nation deeply. The Declaration of Independence is still used today as a way of living as it was back then, when it was also used to inspire the soldiers at the time of war. So as you can see, literature did have an impact on our history, and without it maybe things would have happened differently. The influence of the literature during the Revolution helped create what we are now.